Quick Start
Configure bullet ballistics, select target specifications, set statistical variability parameters, and run Monte Carlo simulation.
Ballistic Parameters
BC (Ballistic Coefficient): Drag coefficient relative to standard projectile. Higher values indicate better aerodynamic efficiency. Range: 0.1-0.8. Modern match bullets: 0.4-0.6, hunting bullets: 0.2-0.4.
MV (Muzzle Velocity): Initial bullet velocity in fps. Critical for trajectory calculation and wind drift. Typical: .223 (3000+ fps), .308 (2600-2800 fps), .30-06 (2700-2900 fps).
Diameter: Bullet caliber in inches. Used only for line-breaking rule in scoring (determines if shots hitting ring boundaries get the higher score). Common: .224" (.223), .264" (6.5mm), .308" (.308/.30-06).
Drag Model: G1 (traditional) vs G7 (modern). G7 more accurate for boat tail bullets, G1 for flat base bullets.
Target & Match Parameters
Target Type: NRA standard targets with specific ring diameters. SR (200-300yd), MR (300-600yd), LR (800-1000yd). FCA variants are custom-designed targets optimized for F-Class shooting with different ring proportions.
Range: Distance to target in yards.
Shots/Match: Number of rounds per match.
Matches: Number of complete matches to simulate. Higher values improve statistical significance but increase computation time.
Variability Parameters (Standard Deviations)
MV σ (Muzzle Velocity SD): Statistical variation in muzzle velocity. Normal distribution clipped to ±3σ. Typical: 3-15 fps.
Cross Wind σ: Lateral wind component variation. Normal distribution clipped to ±3σ. Primary cause of horizontal shot dispersion.
H/T Wind σ: Head/tail wind variation. Normal distribution clipped to ±3σ. Affects bullet velocity and drop slightly.
Vert Wind σ: Vertical air movement variation. Normal distribution clipped to ±3σ. Minimal effect on most ranges, air normally moves horizontally.
Accuracy (MOA): Rifle+shooter precision in Minutes of Angle. Uniform distribution within circle of this diameter. 1 MOA ≈ 1 inch at 100 yards. Match rifles: 0.25-0.5 MOA, hunting rifles: 1-2 MOA.
Environmental Parameters
Altitude: Height above sea level in feet. Affects air density - higher altitude = less air resistance. Sea level: 0 ft, high altitude: 5000+ ft.
Temperature: Air temperature in Fahrenheit. Affects air density - higher temperature = less dense air. Standard: 59°F, range: -20°F to 120°F.
Humidity: Relative humidity percentage. Higher humidity = slightly less air resistance (water vapor is lighter than dry air). Typical: 20-80%, affects bullet performance minimally.
Simulation Results
Estimated Score: Running average of total points and X-ring hits across all completed matches (based on shots per match setting). This estimate converges to the true average as more iterations are completed. Updates continuously as simulation progresses. Example: "585-27x" = 585 total points with 27 X-ring hits.
Progress Display: Shows "Shots: XXX/YYY" indicating current shots processed vs total shots to simulate.
Target Visualization: Red dots represent bullet impact points. Click on any dot to see detailed hit information (coordinates, score, ring). Use mouse wheel to zoom, drag to pan.